超聲波在納米涂層和納米懸浮液中的應用

納米材料,例如碳納米管、金屬氧化物和納米粘土,通常以干燥材料的形式制造,但當作為可噴涂涂層弄濕時,由于這些材料的內聚性質,會聚集或結塊。超聲波噴涂技術非常適合打破溶液中的團聚物。

超聲波噴涂系統用于在三維設備和二維線性基材上創建納米涂層,以及噴涂分散體中的納米懸浮液。

納米涂層

超聲波噴涂技術由于其低流量能力和液滴尺寸的高度均勻性,可用于噴涂均勻的納米薄涂層。超聲波噴涂技術的常見應用有:

  • 太陽能電池上的減反射 (AR) 涂層

納米懸浮液

產生超聲波噴霧的相同振動還具有抑制納米材料結塊或團聚的屬性。這種現象在碳納米管中最為普遍,傳統的空氣噴涂霧化方法容易發生團聚,而傳統的空氣噴霧霧化無法受益于超聲波的振動效應。超聲波噴嘴通過超聲波噴嘴尖端的空化作用使液體振動。這種振動就是產生霧化的原因。同樣的振動有助于納米顆粒的分散。一些成功應用超聲波噴涂技術的常見納米懸浮液:

噴霧干燥

超聲波噴嘴還用于水性和有機應用中納米顆粒生產的噴霧干燥應用。超聲波噴嘴通常可以產生比傳統噴嘴更小的顆粒尺寸,因此超聲波產生的液滴可以在飛行中更有效地干燥。此外,與傳統方法相比,所產生的噴霧的低速度增加了納米顆粒的產量,使材料在空中停留的時間更長,噴霧干燥器室壁的涂層更少。最后,將兩個獨立的液體路徑引入同一超聲波噴嘴可用于產生微膠囊。

納米抗菌涂層和納米粘土

納米抗菌劑在食品工業中很常見,用作裝飾涂料和釉料的面漆以及調味劑和香料。利用超聲波噴嘴的納米粘土涂層在包裝行業中用作聚烯烴薄膜的屏障保護。這些薄膜應用于食品工業以延長保質期。

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